Emeklilik ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Haklar\u0131n\u0131z: Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber<\/p>\n
Bu makale, emekli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin rapor paras\u0131 haklar\u0131, 3600 g\u00fcnle emeklilik ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 sigorta stat\u00fclerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n emeklilik s\u00fcre\u00e7leri gibi merak edilen \u00f6nemli konulara a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getiriyor. Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sistemimizdeki karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131ya dair s\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorulara detayl\u0131 yan\u0131tlar bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n
**Emekli \u0130\u015f\u00e7i SGK\u2019dan Rapor Paras\u0131 Alabilir mi? \u0130\u015fverenin \u00d6deme Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Nedir?**<\/p>\n
Y\u00f6netici olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u0130lyas S.’nin \u015firketi, 11 emekli i\u015f\u00e7iye d\u00fczenli prim \u00f6demesine ra\u011fmen, bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hastal\u0131k nedeniyle ald\u0131klar\u0131 raporlar\u0131n \u00fccretini SGK’dan alamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Dilek \u015e. ise SGK’n\u0131n \u00f6demedi\u011fi k\u0131s\u0131m i\u00e7in i\u015fverenin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc soruyor.<\/p>\n
Emekli ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kesmeden sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir emekli i\u015f\u00e7i i\u00e7in Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Destek Primi (SGDP) \u00f6denir. Bu prim, br\u00fct \u00fccretin y\u00fczde 32,25’i oran\u0131ndad\u0131r ve bunun 2,25 puanl\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131 k\u0131sa vadeli sigorta kollar\u0131 priminden olu\u015fur. K\u0131sa vadeli sigortalar genellikle i\u015f kazas\u0131, meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, hastal\u0131k ve anal\u0131k hallerini kapsar. Ancak 5510 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un Ge\u00e7ici 14. maddesi gere\u011fince, SGDP’ye tabi i\u015f\u00e7iler sadece i\u015f kazas\u0131 ve meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sigortas\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki haklardan yararlanabilirler. Bu nedenle, i\u015f kazas\u0131 veya meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle rapor kullanan emekli i\u015f\u00e7iye SGK taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f g\u00f6remezlik \u00f6dene\u011fi verilirken, hastal\u0131k nedeniyle al\u0131nan raporlar i\u00e7in \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n
Normal \u015fartlarda SGK, raporlu olan i\u015f\u00e7iye, yatarak tedavilerde prime esas g\u00fcnl\u00fck kazanc\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131, ayakta tedavilerde ise 3’te 2’si oran\u0131nda ge\u00e7ici i\u015f g\u00f6remezlik \u00f6dene\u011fi (halk aras\u0131nda “rapor paras\u0131”) \u00f6der. Bu \u00f6deme, istirahatin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcnden itibaren ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n
SGK’n\u0131n hastal\u0131k halinde emekli i\u015f\u00e7ilere rapor paras\u0131 \u00f6dememesi, mevcut kanuni d\u00fczenlemelere g\u00f6re do\u011frudur. Ancak bu kanun maddesi, emekli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ma\u011fduriyetler nedeniyle ele\u015ftirilmektedir. Kanun koyucular, emekli i\u015f\u00e7inin zaten emekli ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131m\u0131ndan hareketle, hastal\u0131k durumunda da bu ayl\u0131kla ge\u00e7inmesini yeterli g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olabilirler. Oysa g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 2 milyon 188 bin emekli, hem emekli ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 almakta hem de SGDP \u00f6demektedir. Bu durum, emekli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin sigortas\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya y\u00f6nelmesine neden olabilecek bir eksiklik olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte ve emekli i\u015f\u00e7ilere de di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar gibi hastal\u0131k halinde rapor paras\u0131 \u00f6denmesi gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fverenin, gerek emekli gerekse normal i\u015f\u00e7inin raporlu oldu\u011fu g\u00fcnlerde SGK taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denmeyen veya eksik \u00f6denen \u00fccretini \u00f6deme zorunlulu\u011fu bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 i\u015fletmeler, i\u015f\u00e7ilerini ma\u011fdur etmemek ad\u0131na kendi inisiyatifleriyle bu \u00f6demeyi tamamlayabilseler de, bu tamamen i\u015fverenin tercihine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir uygulamad\u0131r ve yasal bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131maz.<\/p>\n
**2003 Y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya Ba\u015flayanlar 3600 G\u00fcnle Emekli Olabilir mi? Yurt D\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131 ve K\u0131smi Emeklilik Ko\u015fullar\u0131**<\/p>\n
\u0130hsan S., Temmuz 2003 sigorta giri\u015fli ve Kas\u0131m 1980 do\u011fumlu olup, 22 y\u0131ld\u0131r yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Askerlik bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131 yaparak sigorta primlerinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 yat\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen \u0130hsan S., 3600 g\u00fcnle emeklilik \u015fans\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l bir etki yarataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 soruyor. Kendisine verilen “son 3.5 sene kural\u0131” ve “iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 sigorta \u00f6demeyin” gibi bilgilerin do\u011frulu\u011funu sorguluyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ncelikle, size verilen bilgilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 veya eksik olabilir. “Son 3.5 y\u0131l” mevzusu, emekli ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesaplamas\u0131ndan ziyade, birden fazla sigorta stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olanlar\u0131n hangi stat\u00fcden emekli olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesiyle ilgilidir. Do\u011frusu \u015fudur: Son 7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde en fazla hangi stat\u00fcde prim \u00f6demesi yap\u0131ld\u0131ysa, emeklilik \u015fartlar\u0131 o stat\u00fc \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirilir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcreleri e\u015fit ise, e\u015fit olan son stat\u00fc esas al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk defa sigortal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in 3600 g\u00fcnle emekli olma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131z bulunmamaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’de k\u0131smi emeklilik (ya\u015f \u015fart\u0131 ile daha az prim g\u00fcn\u00fc) ko\u015fullar\u0131, ilk sigortal\u0131 i\u015fe giri\u015f tarihine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir:<\/p>\n
**SSK’l\u0131lar (4\/a) i\u00e7in K\u0131smi Emeklilik Ko\u015fullar\u0131:**<\/p>\n
* **8 Eyl\u00fcl 1999 tarihinden \u00f6nce \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayanlar:** 15 y\u0131l sigortal\u0131l\u0131k s\u00fcresi, 3600 prim g\u00fcn\u00fc, kad\u0131nlarda 58, erkeklerde 60 ya\u015f.
\n* **8 Eyl\u00fcl 1999 \u2013 30 Nisan 2008 tarihleri aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayanlar:** Kad\u0131nlarda 58, erkeklerde 60 ya\u015f, 25 y\u0131l sigortal\u0131l\u0131k s\u00fcresi ve en az 4500 prim g\u00fcn\u00fc. (Sizin durumunuz bu kategoriye giriyor, 4500 g\u00fcn \u015fart\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir.)
\n* **30 Nisan 2008 tarihinden sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayanlar:** En az 5400 prim g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc tamamlad\u0131klar\u0131 tarihe g\u00f6re kademeli olarak artan ya\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131 (ancak 65 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmaz). 5400 prim g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc 31 Aral\u0131k 2035’e kadar tamamlayan kad\u0131nlar 61, erkekler 63 ya\u015f\u0131nda emekli olabilirler.<\/p>\n
**BA\u011e-KUR’lular (4\/b) i\u00e7in K\u0131smi Emeklilik Ko\u015fullar\u0131:**<\/p>\n
* **8 Eyl\u00fcl 1999 tarihinden \u00f6nce ba\u015flayanlar:** En az 5400 prim g\u00fcn\u00fc ve kad\u0131nlarda 56, erkeklerde 58 ya\u015f.
\n* **8 Eyl\u00fcl 1999 \u2013 30 Nisan 2008 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ba\u015flayanlar:** Kad\u0131nlarda 60, erkeklerde 62 ya\u015f ve en az 5400 prim g\u00fcn\u00fc.
\n* **30 Nisan 2008 tarihinden sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayanlar:** SSK’l\u0131larla ayn\u0131 ko\u015fullar ge\u00e7erlidir; yani en az 5400 prim g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc tamamlad\u0131klar\u0131 tarihe g\u00f6re kademeli olarak artan ya\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’deki prim g\u00fcnleriniz yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131 yapmadan 4500 g\u00fcn ise, 60 ya\u015f\u0131nda SSK’dan emekli olabilirsiniz. Emekli olduktan sonra yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131zda bir sorun te\u015fkil etmez. Askerlik bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f olman\u0131z da bu durumu etkilemez.<\/p>\n
E\u011fer T\u00fcrkiye’deki prim g\u00fcnleriniz 4500 g\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131ndaysa, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131 yapmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz. Ancak yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bor\u00e7lanmalar\u0131 art\u0131k BA\u011e-KUR (4\/b) stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. BA\u011e-KUR’dan k\u0131smi emeklilik i\u00e7in toplam prim g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn en az 5400 olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu s\u00fcreyi tamamlayabilirseniz, ba\u015fka bir bor\u00e7lanma yapmadan 62 ya\u015f\u0131nda emekli olabilirsiniz. \u00d6nemli bir nokta ise, BA\u011e-KUR’dan bu \u015fekilde emekli olduktan sonra yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda veya T\u00fcrkiye’de sigortal\u0131 bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
**2000 Y\u0131l\u0131ndan Sonra \u00dc\u00e7 Farkl\u0131 Sigorta Stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar Nas\u0131l Emekli Olur?**<\/p>\n
1977 do\u011fumlu Tahir B., 19.09.2000 tarihinde ilk defa sigortal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve bu tarihten itibaren 5.515 g\u00fcn SSK, yedek subayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle 338 g\u00fcn Emekli Sand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve 2.709 g\u00fcn \u0130ste\u011fe Ba\u011fl\u0131 Sigorta (BA\u011e-KUR) primi \u00f6demi\u015f. Toplamda 7.932 prim g\u00fcn\u00fc olan Tahir B., ya\u015f\u0131 bekledi\u011fini ve prim \u00f6demelerinin devam etti\u011fini belirtiyor. Hangi stat\u00fcden emekli olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve daha iyi emeklilik \u015fartlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ne yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini soruyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk defa sigortal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flama tarihinize (19.09.2000) g\u00f6re, SSK’dan emeklilik i\u00e7in 7000 g\u00fcn, BA\u011e-KUR’dan emeklilik i\u00e7in ise 9000 prim g\u00fcn\u00fcne tabisiniz. Her iki stat\u00fcden de 60 ya\u015f\u0131nda emekli olabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Hizmet birle\u015ftirmelerinde hangi sigorta kolundan emekli olunaca\u011f\u0131, son 7 y\u0131l (2520 g\u00fcn) kural\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenir. Mesaj\u0131n\u0131zdan anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kadar\u0131yla, son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131z BA\u011e-KUR kapsam\u0131nda devam ediyor. E\u011fer son 2520 prim g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde BA\u011e-KUR \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131z 1260 g\u00fcn ve daha fazla ise, SSK’dan de\u011fil BA\u011e-KUR’dan emekli olursunuz.<\/p>\n
SSK’dan emekli olabilmeniz i\u00e7in, son 2520 g\u00fcn\u00fcn en az 1260 g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn SSK stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu durumda, e\u011fer \u015fu anda BA\u011e-KUR primleriniz devam ediyorsa ve SSK’dan emekli olmak istiyorsan\u0131z, BA\u011e-KUR \u00f6demelerinizi sonland\u0131r\u0131p en az 1260 g\u00fcn (yakla\u015f\u0131k 3.5 y\u0131l) SSK stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z gerekecektir.<\/p>\n
Prim g\u00fcnlerinizin artmas\u0131 teorik olarak emekli ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak, emekli ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde sadece prim g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda primlerin yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 prime esas kazan\u00e7 miktar\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. E\u011fer prime esas kazanc\u0131n\u0131z asgari \u00fccret veya buna yak\u0131n bir d\u00fczeyde ise, ekleyece\u011finiz prim g\u00fcnlerinin emekli ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za etkisi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kalabilir. \u00d6nemli olan hem prim g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olmas\u0131 hem de bu primlerin y\u00fcksek kazan\u00e7lar \u00fczerinden yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Daha iyi bir emekli ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse y\u00fcksek prime esas kazan\u00e7 \u00fczerinden SSK primleri \u00f6demeye devam etmeniz daha olumlu bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Emeklilik ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Haklar\u0131n\u0131z: Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber Bu makale, emekli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin rapor paras\u0131 haklar\u0131, 3600 g\u00fcnle emeklilik ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 sigorta stat\u00fclerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n emeklilik s\u00fcre\u00e7leri gibi merak edilen \u00f6nemli konulara a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getiriyor. Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sistemimizdeki karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131ya dair s\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorulara detayl\u0131 yan\u0131tlar bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z. **Emekli \u0130\u015f\u00e7i SGK\u2019dan Rapor Paras\u0131 Alabilir mi? \u0130\u015fverenin \u00d6deme Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Nedir?** […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":5500,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[797,796,795,303],"class_list":["post-5499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-3600-gun-emeklilik","tag-isgoremezlik-odene","tag-rapor-parasi","tag-sgk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5499","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5499"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5501,"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5499\/revisions\/5501"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunpress4.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}